Variability of secondary metabolites from leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana obtained from different locations in Sumbawa, Indonesia

Abstract. Nairfana I, Nikmatullah A, Sarjan M, Tandeang A. 2022. Variability of secondary metabolites from leaves Ziziphus mauritiana obtained different locations in Sumbawa, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4948-4958. Bidara (Ziziphus L.) is an evergreen shrub that grows many parts the world, and important plant arid semi-arid regions for environment, food, health. The has been used traditionally as medicine, more recently, growing scientific evidence demonstrated active compounds bidara leaves. However, little known about plant's metabolite profiles environments. This research aimed to characterize profile leaf habitats Sumbawa Island, Indonesia, evaluate their relationship based on cluster analysis diversity. samples were collected plants 3 districts Island: West (SB), (KS), Dompu (DP) Districts, each ecosystems: lowland coastal/savanna, near residential areas, mid-highland areas or forest-edge. extracted by maceration with multilevel extraction using solvents decreased polarity (h-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol 70%, methanol, distilled water, respectively), followed phytochemical screening presence alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, phenolic. results showed variation components a DP being diverse than KS other SB. All contained polar alkaloids flavonoids, while DP1 also non-polar flavonoids. SB1 saponin. Interestingly, phenolic was only detected extracts Cluster distinguished others. Further study required understand if resulted adaptation environment due genetic Island.